Set
- In python, a set is a type of collection in data type.
- A set is a mutable(changeable),unordered data. It doesn't allow duplicate values.
- Sets are useful in doing set operation.
- The provided with operations like, intersection, union, difference and symmetric.
- Items in set are enclosed by curly brackets { }.
- Each item is separated by comma (,).
Syntax:
Identifier = { item1, item2, item3}
Creating A Set
- A set is created by placing all the elements separated by comma within a pair of curly brackets.
- Since sets are unordered and unindexed ,you cannot be sure in which the items can be integer, float, string or tuple.
- It allows the heterogeneous (different type) type of values in one set.
- It automatically eliminates the duplicate items. The set( ) function can also be used to create sets in python.
Syntax:
Set_Variable = {E1 , E2 , E3 ........En}
Set Methods In Python
The in-built methods of set are used to:
- create
- insert
- remove
- delete the set
- set items
Example:
Using all method program in set
Set Operations
- The set class supports mathematical set operations like union, intersection, difference and symmetric.
- These operations can be performed either using in-built functions or using operators.
- The operators work only on onset data structure.
- The function works on any iterable data structure like list and tuple.
1. Union Operation
Union operation combines the elements of sets single list after eliminating the repeated items .The union operation can be done using single pipe operation (|).
Syntax:
NewSet = Set1 | Set2 | Set3.
Program:
# define sets
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the union operation using the | operator
union_set = set1 | set2
print(union_set)
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the union operation using the | operator
union_set = set1 | set2
print(union_set)
Output:
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
2. Union Function
The method union() is used to do union operation.
Syntax:
NewSer = Set.union( Set2 ,Set3...)
Program:
# define two sets
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the union operation using the union() method
union_set = set1.union(set2)
print(union_set)
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the union operation using the union() method
union_set = set1.union(set2)
print(union_set)
Output:
{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
3. Intersection Operation
The intersection operation is to get the elements commonly available in two sets The intersection operation can be done using the logical 'and' (&) operator.
Syntax:
NewSet = Set1 & Set2
Program:
# define two sets
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the intersection operation using the & operator
intersection_set = set1 & set2
print(intersection_set)
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the intersection operation using the & operator
intersection_set = set1 & set2
print(intersection_set)
Output:
{3, 4, 5}
4. Intersection Function
The function intersection () of set class is used to identify the common elements among the given sets The function accepts more than one parameter. The parameter of the function can be or list or tuple.
Syntax:
NewSet = Set1 intersect(Set2 , Set3 , Set4...)
Program:
# define two sets
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the intersection operation using the intersection() method
intersection_set = set1.intersection(set2)
print(intersection_set)
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the intersection operation using the intersection() method
intersection_set = set1.intersection(set2)
print(intersection_set)
Output:
{3, 4, 5}
5. Difference Operations
The difference operation gets the set of elements only in the first set, not in the second set. This operation can be performed using the minus(-)operator.
Syntax:
NewSer = Set1 - Set2
Program:
# define two sets
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the difference operation using the - operator
diff_set = set1 - set2
print(diff_set)
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the difference operation using the - operator
diff_set = set1 - set2
print(diff_set)
Output:
{1, 2}
6. Difference Function
The method difference () gets the set of elements only in the invoking set but not in sets passed as parameters.
Syntax:
NewSet = Set1 difference (Set2 , Set3 , Set4 ...)
Program:
# define two sets
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the difference operation using the difference() method
diff_set = set1.difference(set2)
print(diff_set)
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the difference operation using the difference() method
diff_set = set1.difference(set2)
print(diff_set)
Output:
{1, 2}
7. Symmetric Difference Operation
The symmetric difference operation is to get the elements of two sets after excluding the common elements .This operation can be performed using the exponential operator.
Syntax:
newset= set1 ^ set2
Program:
# define two sets
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the symmetric difference operation using the ^ operator
sym_diff_set = set1 ^ set2
print(sym_diff_set)
set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
# perform the symmetric difference operation using the ^ operator
sym_diff_set = set1 ^ set2
print(sym_diff_set)
Output:
{1, 2, 6, 7}
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