Inheritance
A special feature of Object-Oriented Programming in Java, Inheritance lets programmers create new classes that share some of the attributes of existing classes. Using Inheritance lets us build on previous work without reinventing the wheel.It is the process of creating a new class from existing class. Base class is parent class and child class is sub class.They are some types of inheritance such as
• Single Inheritance• Multi Level Inheritance
• Hierarchical Inheritance
• multiple Inheritance
• Hybrid Inheritance
Single inheritance:
By allowing a derived class to inherit properties from a single parent class,
single inheritance makes it possible to reuse code and add new features to
code that already exists.
Program:
# single inheritance
# Base class
class Parent:
def func1(self):
print("This is parent class.")
# Derived class
class Child(Parent):
def func2(self):
print("This is child class.")
# object creating
obj = Child()
obj.func1()
obj.func2()
Output:
This is parent class.
This is child class.
Multiple inheritance:
Multiple inheritances refer to the situation in which a class can be derived
from more than one base class. In multiple inheritances, the derived class
inherits all base class characteristics.
Program:
# multiple inheritance
# Base class1
class student:
Studentname = ""
def student(self):
print(self.studentname)
# Base class2
class department:
departmentname = ""
def department(self):
print(self.departmentname)
# Derived class
class college(student, department):
def student(self):
print("department :", self.departmentname)
print("student :", self.studentname)
# object creating
s1 = college()
s1.departmentname = "computer science"
s1.studentname = "Ram"
s1.student()
Output:
department : computer science
student : Ram
Multilevel inheritance:
Features of the base class and the derived class are further inherited into
the new derived class in multilevel inheritance. A relationship depicting a
child and a grandfather is similar to this.
Program:
# multilevel inheritance
# Base class
class name:
def __init__(self, name1):
self.name1 = name1
# Intermediate class
class Hobby(name):
def __init__(self, Hobby1,
name1):
self.Hobby1 = Hobby1
# invoking constructor of name class
name.__init__(self, name1)
# Derived class
class age(Hobby):
def __init__(self, age1,
Hobby1, name1):
self.age1 = age1
# invoking constructor of Hobby class
Hobby.__init__(self, Hobby1, name1)
def print_name(self):
print('
name :', self.name1)
print("Hobby :", self.Hobby1)
print("age :", self.age1)
# Driver code
s1 = age(20, 'hockey', 'Ram')
print(s1.name1)
s1.print_name()
Output:
Ram
name : Ram
Hobby : hockey
age : 20
Hierarchical Inheritance:
Hierarchical inheritance refers to the process by which a single base is used
to create multiple derived classes. There are two derived classes and a parent
class in this program.
Program:
# Hierarchical inheritance
# Base class
class Parent:
def func1(self):
print("best program language")
# Derived class1
class Child1(Parent):
def func2(self):
print("python")
# Derived class2
class Child2(Parent):
def func3(self):
print("java")
# object creating
obj1 = Child1()
obj2 = Child2()
obj1.func1()
obj1.func2()
obj2.func1()
obj2.func3()
Output:
best program language
python
best program language
java
Hybrid inheritance:
Hybrid inheritance is inheritance that consists of multiple inheritance types.
Program:
# hybrid inheritance
class website:
def func1(self):
print("Gocourse pvt ltd.")
class msg1(website):
def func2(self):
print("Best online tutorial platform.
")
class msg2(website):
def func3(self):
print("Easy to learn.")
class msg3(msg1, website):
def func4(self):
print("become a certified programmer in python.")
# object creating
object = msg3()
object.func1()
object.func2()
Output:
Gocourse pvt ltd.
Best online tutorial platform.
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