Logic Gates
Logic gates are the fundamental building blocks of a digital system.
Logic gates are hardware components that generate binary signals of 1 or 0 when specific input conditions are met.
Every logic gate has a unique graphical symbol, and its function can be represented using algebraic expressions.
The seven fundamental logic gates are AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XNOR.
The input-output relationship for each logic gate can be shown in a truth table, which represents the binary variables.
Each logic gate has one or two binary input variables, typically labeled A and B, and one binary output variable, labeled x.
AND GATE:
An AND gate is an electronic circuit that produces a high output only when all its inputs are high. The AND operation is symbolized by a dot (.).
AND GATE:
OR GATE:
An OR gate is an electronic circuit that produces a high output when one or more of its inputs are high. The operation of an OR gate is represented by a plus (+) sign.
OR GATE:
NOT GATE:
A NOT gate is an electronic circuit that outputs the inverse of its input, producing the opposite binary value. It is also referred to as an Inverter.
NAND GATE:
A NOT-AND (NAND) gate is equivalent to an AND gate followed by a NOT gate. The NAND gate produces a high output when any of the inputs are low. It is represented by an AND gate with a small circle at the output, indicating inversion.
NAND GATE:
NOR GATE:
The Exclusive-OR (XOR) gate is a circuit that produces a high output when exactly one of its inputs is high, but not both. The XOR operation is represented by an encircled plus sign.
NOR GATE:
Exclusive- OR/XOR GATE:
The Exclusive-OR (XOR) gate is a circuit that provides a high output if exactly one of its inputs is high, but not both. The XOR operation is denoted by an encircled plus sign.
XOR GATE:
EXCLUSIVE- NOR/Equivalence GATE:
The Exclusive-NOR (XNOR) gate performs the inverse operation of the XOR gate. It produces a low output when exactly one of its inputs is high, but not both. The small circle at the output signifies inversion.
Exclusive NOR GATE:
